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Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto)

Royal Gramma

Gramma loreto
Family
Basslet / Grammatidae
Care level
Beginner
Temperament
Peaceful
Reef safe
Reef safe
Max size
8 cm
Min tank
100 L · 26 gal
Origin
Caribbean
Diet
Planktivore
Food
Mysis, Brine shrimp, Marine pellets, Frozen plankton blends

Overview

The Royal Gramma is a striking Caribbean basslet with a bicolour body — bright purple at the front fading to vivid yellow toward the tail — making it one of the most instantly recognisable and popular reef fish available. It's a hardy, peaceful species that suits a wide range of tank sizes and experience levels.

It naturally lives inverted under ledges and in caves in the wild, and this behaviour carries over into aquarium life, with the fish often swimming upside down beneath rock overhangs.

Its vivid colour, calm temperament, and full reef safety make it an excellent choice for both beginner reef tanks and as a colourful addition to a peaceful community display.

Compatibility

Royal Grammas are peaceful and fully reef safe, ignoring corals and invertebrates entirely. They can be territorial toward other Royal Grammas or similarly shaped basslets in a smaller tank, so care is needed if keeping more than one.

They mix well with the vast majority of peaceful to semi-aggressive community fish and rarely cause problems in a mixed reef tank.

Health & quarantine

This is a hardy, adaptable species with few chronic health issues, generally tolerating a wide range of conditions and acclimating quickly. A standard quarantine period of two to four weeks is recommended good practice, though this species typically has few issues during acclimation.

Frequently asked questions

Why does my Royal Gramma swim upside down?
This is completely natural behaviour — it mimics its surroundings under ledges and cave overhangs, orienting itself to the surface above rather than the tank bottom.
Is the Royal Gramma reef safe?
Yes, fully reef safe with corals and invertebrates.
Can I keep two Royal Grammas together?
They can be territorial toward their own kind in a smaller tank, so a larger tank with plenty of caves and ledges is needed if keeping more than one.
What tank features does a Royal Gramma need?
Plenty of caves, ledges, and shaded overhangs to explore and shelter under.
Is the Royal Gramma a good beginner fish?
Yes, it's hardy, peaceful, and fully reef safe, making it a great addition for most reef tank setups.

Care guidance is drawn from our own experience — every fish is an individual, so treat it as a starting point, not a guarantee. Not sure if a species suits your tank? Come ask us in store. New to the terms? Read the care-terms glossary.